At Buzzy Honey Bee, we believe that the true magic of the hive extends far beyond honey. Among the most extraordinary gifts that bees offer us is propolis — also known as bee glue — a resinous, golden-brown substance revered for centuries for its healing, protective and restorative properties.
Our Local Raw Propolis is ethically sourced from local Nottinghamshire apiaries, where bees gather natural resins from trees and transform them into this precious material. Every batch is handled with care to preserve its purity and potency. You can explore and purchase our locally produced propolis and other hive products directly through our online shop.
What Is Propolis?
Propolis is a natural resinous mixture that honeybees collect from tree buds, bark, and sap flows. They blend these resins with wax and their own enzymes to create a substance that serves as the hive’s natural defence system.
Inside the hive, propolis is used to:
- Seal cracks and gaps to maintain hive temperature,
- Create an antiseptic barrier that protects against bacteria, fungi and viruses,
- Preserve hive hygiene and prevent infections,
- Even “mummify” small intruders (like insects) that enter the hive, stopping decomposition.
For humans, propolis offers a fascinating range of biological benefits that have been recognised since ancient Egyptian and Greek times — and are now confirmed by modern scientific research.
Composition of Propolis
The chemical composition of propolis depends on the local flora, climate and season, which is why locally harvested propolis like ours from Nottinghamshire carries a distinctive regional character.
Typical composition:
| Component | Approximate Percentage | Key Compounds |
|---|---|---|
| Plant resins & balsams | 50–60% | Flavonoids, phenolic acids, esters |
| Waxes | 30% | Beeswax, fatty acids |
| Essential oils | 10% | Limonene, eugenol, vanillin |
| Pollen | 5% | Source of amino acids, enzymes, vitamins |
| Other substances | 5% | Minerals (Fe, Zn, Mg, Cu), vitamins (A, B, C, E) |
Main Active Compounds
- Flavonoids (chrysin, galangin, pinocembrin, quercetin) – strong antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents.
- Phenolic acids and esters (caffeic, ferulic, cinnamic acids; CAPE – caffeic acid phenethyl ester) – antimicrobial and antiviral properties.
- Terpenes and aromatic aldehydes – contribute to fragrance and antibacterial effects.
- Trace elements and amino acids – aid cellular repair and immune health.
Health Benefits and Biological Properties
Antibacterial Action of Propolis
Propolis acts as a natural antibiotic. Studies show it is effective against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, and to a lesser extent against Gram-negative species. It works by:
- Disrupting bacterial cell membranes,
- Inhibiting protein and nucleic acid synthesis,
- Blocking bacterial enzymes.
Unlike synthetic antibiotics, bacteria are far less likely to develop resistance to propolis.
Antiviral Properties
Propolis helps inhibit the replication of several viruses, including:
- Influenza A and B,
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2),
- Human papillomavirus (HPV),
- Coronaviruses and adenoviruses.
CAPE and flavonoids interfere with viral enzymes and prevent viruses from entering healthy cells.
Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Propolis
Propolis reduces the production of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and cytokines, offering pain-relieving and anti-swelling effects similar to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) — but naturally and gently.
Its antioxidant compounds neutralise free radicals, slowing ageing processes and protecting cells from oxidative stress.
Immune-Boosting Effects of Bee Glue
Regular use of propolis can enhance immune response by stimulating macrophages, lymphocytes and antibody production. It is widely used as a natural immune support during seasonal changes and times of stress.
Antifungal Properties of Propolis
Propolis shows strong activity against Candida albicans and other fungi. Topical preparations can support the treatment of oral thrush, athlete’s foot and nail infections.
Wound Healing and Regeneration
Thanks to its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects, propolis helps accelerate wound healing, reduce scarring and support tissue regeneration. It is commonly used in creams and balms for minor burns, cuts and ulcers.
Its mild anaesthetic compounds (such as eugenol and benzoic acid) also help relieve local pain.
Applications of Propolis
In Medicine and Pharmacy
- Throat sprays and lozenges – relieve sore throats, mouth ulcers and gum inflammation.
- Ointments and creams – for wounds, burns, acne and cold sores.
- Tinctures and capsules – for general immune support and infection prevention.
- Suppositories and gels – used in gynaecology and proctology for inflammation.
In Cosmetics
Propolis is a valued ingredient in natural skincare due to its antibacterial and healing properties. It is used in:
- Anti-acne creams and cleansers,
- Shampoos for irritated or flaky scalps,
- Balms and serums to regenerate damaged or ageing skin.
In Veterinary Use
Natural propolis preparations are used to support animal wound healing and reduce infections — a testament to its universal safety and efficacy.
Forms of Propolis Available
Propolis is a remarkable natural substance produced by bees to protect their hives. Over the years, it has gained recognition for its versatile uses and powerful health-supporting properties. Depending on how it is prepared, propolis can be found in several different forms, each suited to specific needs and applications.
- Propolis Tincture – an alcohol-based extract, widely used both internally and externally.
- Dry or powdered propolis – ideal for making encapsulated supplements.
- Creams, ointments and balms – perfect for topical application.
- Sprays and lozenges – designed for oral and throat care.
- Water or glycerine extracts – alcohol-free options suitable for sensitive users.
Although propolis comes in many forms, you can find our locally sourced raw propolis from Buzzy Honey Bee in our shop, along with raw local honey, natural beeswax, and other wholesome hive products.
Safety and Precautions
Propolis is generally safe when used appropriately. However:
- Individuals allergic to bee products should avoid it.
- People with asthma or atopic allergies should consult a healthcare professional before use.
- Not recommended for very young children without medical advice.
Allergic reactions (such as itching, swelling or rash) are rare but possible. Always perform a patch test before using any new product.
Scientific Research and Future Potential
Modern research continues to explore propolis’ potential in treating serious conditions, including cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. The compound CAPE (caffeic acid phenethyl ester), in particular, has shown promising anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity in laboratory studies.
Scientists are also investigating propolis as a natural alternative to synthetic antibiotics, especially in an age of growing antimicrobial resistance.
Sustainability and Local Sourcing at Buzzy Honey Bee
At Buzzy Honey Bee, we are deeply committed to ethical beekeeping and sustainability. All our propolis is carefully harvested from our own hives located across the Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire countryside, ensuring that every step of the process supports bee health and protects the natural environment.
Every purchase from our online store supports not only your wellbeing, but also the thriving bee populations and the ecosystems they help sustain.
Why Choose Propolis from Buzzy Honey Bee
Propolis is one of nature’s most powerful gifts — rich in antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant, and healing properties. But the quality of propolis depends greatly on how it’s sourced and handled.
At Buzzy Honey Bee, we take pride in offering pure, locally harvested propolis from our own hives in Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire. Each batch is collected with care to preserve its natural potency and integrity, ensuring you receive a product that’s as close to the hive as possible.
Whether you’re looking to support your immune system, care for your skin, or embrace natural wellness, our propolis offers an authentic connection to the healing power of the hive.
